题目: Three Studies in Nicotine Use: Bridging Economics and Public Health
时间：4月17日（星期一）下午4：00-5：30
地点：文管大楼874教室
报告人：Hsien-Chang Lin（林贤璋）
报告人简介：
Dr. Hsien-Chang Lin是印第安纳大学布鲁明顿分校的公共健康系助理教授，主要研究方向包括application of quantitative methodology in examining issues related to patient health care utilization, physician decision making, patient health and economic outcomes, and effectiveness of medical care delivery (in particular, pharmaceuticals) in diseases. Dr. Lin的多篇研究成果发表在American Journal of Public Health, JAMA Ophthalmology, International Jo Three Studies in Nicotine Use: Bridging Economics and Public Health Journal of Health Services等杂志上。
Abstract:
This talk will be comprised of three studies related to nicotine use, which will demonstrate how econometric methods could be used in public health research. The first study evaluated the impact of comprehensive state wide smoke-free in door air laws on secondhand smoke exposure, asthma prevalence, and asthma-related doctor visits. We used the 2007–2011 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data sets and a difference-in-difference study design along with weighted logistic and Poisson regressions for data analyses. We concluded that comprehensive statewide smoke-free indoor air laws appear to be effective in reducing SHS exposure and improving asthma outcomes. Regulations requiring smoke-free indoor environments and public areas are beneficial, and smoke-free indoor air laws should beenforced in all states. (See Lin et al., 2015)
The second study assessed whether e-cigarette use isassociated with (1) intention to smoke cigarettes among never-smoking youths and youth experimenters, and (2) intention to quit smoking among current youth smokers. We categorized participants from the 2012 National Youth Tobacco Survey data as never-smoking youth, youth experimenters, and current youthsmokers. We matched groups on the basis of a propensity score comprising covariates predicting e-cigarette use. We found that e-cigarette users who had neversmoked cigarettes and who had experimented with smoking had elevated intention to smoke cigarettes compared with their counterparts who had never use de-cigarettes. We did not find any significant association between e-cigaretteuse and intention to quit smoking among current youth smokers. (See Park etal., 2016)
The third study investigated characteristics of potential and current e-cigarette users based on four different levels of use acceptability (i.e., laggards, late majority, earlymajority, and adopters) along with the determinants that promote e-cigaretteuse acceptability among college students. We surveyed college students (N=1198)aged 18–25 years at a Midwestern university in September–October 2015.Multinomial logistic regressions and Heckman two-step selection procedures were performed to examine the determinants that promote e-cigarette use acceptability. The study findings indicate a possible explosive increase ine-cigarette experimentation or use among college students. Unique features of e-cigarettes such as flavor and USB rechargeability appear to be strong factors making e-cigarettes more acceptable and appealing to young adults regardless oftheir smoking status. Concerted efforts should be initiated to effectively counter or eliminate attractive features that lure young adults to experiment with e-cigarettes. (See Lee et al., 2017)
